Biomimetic Bamboo-Inspired Bone Repair Scaffold: Reversing Degraded States and Promoting Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation.

HaoRan Jiang, Yang Qu, Qi Meng, Chenyujun Hu, Haoran Zhang, Jinqiu Tian, Bohan Xing, Bojiang Wang, Zhihao Lin, Meng Zhang, Peixun Zhang

Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China.Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China. · pubmed

Paper

Abstract

Cellular senescence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) represents the fundamental pathological barrier to healing in osteoporotic patients. This study reports a multifunctional bone scaffold specifically designed to reverse this senescent phenotype by upregulating Slc25a33 and Crabp1, key regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis and retinoic acid signaling. The scaffold features interconnected spindle-shaped pores (long axis ∼100 μm) inspired by trabecular bone canalicular lacunae, combining polylactic acid nano-oriented fibers and Type I collagen to simulate rod-like and plate-like trabeculae. This biomimetic design enhances mechanical performance (Young's modulus: 51.478 ± 0.993 MPa, porosity: 65.341 ± 0.863%), facilitates cell migration and substance exchange, and continuously provides Type I collagen to the microenvironment. In vitro scaffold extracts reversed senescence in aged BMSCs, enhancing proliferation (wound closure: 42.46 ± 8.47% vs 39.51 ± 4.35%,

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Research summary

The paper claims that a biomimetic bone scaffold can reverse cellular senescence in aged BMSCs, promoting their differentiation and enhancing bone repair. This research addresses a fundamental barrier to healing in osteoporotic patients, targeting the cellular mechanisms of aging rather than merely treating symptoms.

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