Structural characterization and anti-aging mechanism of Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides.

Meiqi Wan, Rong Han, Xiaoai Bao, Yizheng Sun, Hailong Xu, Yanlin Wang, Aihong Zhao, Youbo Zhang

State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China. · pubmed

Paper

Abstract

This paper presents a study on the structure and anti-aging activity of polysaccharides extracted from Codonopsis pilosula (CPPS). Structural analysis indicates that CPPS is classified as a neutral heteropolysaccharide, having a number-average molecular weight (Mn) of 6.423 kDa and a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of 8.674 kDa, with a dispersion factor Mw/Mn of 1.35, and is primarily composed of fructose (Fru) and glucose (Glc). In D-gal-induced aging mice, CPPS has a significant anti-aging activity by ameliorating cognition dysfunction, inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation levels in hippocampus and liver tissues. The results of 16S rRNA analysis, non-targeted metabolomics, pathological and qRT-PCR analysis indicate that CPPS affects gut microbial metabolites and repairs the intestinal barrier damage. Transcriptomics analysis and the BV2 cell verification test demonstrate that CPPS regulates the JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway to inhibit the activation of microglia, which by affecting the intestinal microbiota's tryptophan metabolite 3-indole-glyoxylic acid (IGA). This study provides a valuable insight of CPPS-derived functional foods in the future.

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Research summary

Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharides exhibit anti-aging activity by ameliorating cognitive dysfunction and inhibiting oxidative stress. The study addresses mechanisms that may contribute to aging processes, focusing on structural characterization and biological effects that could influence longevity.

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