Oral microbiome-SASP-aging axis: mechanisms and targeted intervention strategies for age-related diseases.

Abstract

Global demographic aging is intensifying the burden of age-related diseases. Cellular senescence and the accompanying senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) act as key drivers of disease progression by mediating chronic inflammation. As the second largest microbial community in the human body, the oral microbiome occupies a central position in systemic aging pathologies, and its dysbiosis and interaction with SASP are critical in this process. An imbalanced oral microbiota contributes to systemic chronic conditions via metabolic activities, virulence factor release, and immune system activation, while SASP serves as a central molecular mediator linking microbial dysbiosis to chronic inflammation, with well-recognized involvement in inflammatory bowel disease, bone disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions.