Molecular changes of cellular senescence in dental pulp stem cells during in vitro culture: A potential role of PSG4.

Xiaolin Lyu, Wenan Xu, Jian Zhou, Xiaohang Chen, Wenjing Yi, Leyi Chen, Ziting Wang, Songlin Wang, Buling Wu

Shenzhen Clinical College of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan) of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.Shenzhen Clinical College of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan) of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. · pubmed

Paper

Abstract

Cellular senescence prevents the application of mesenchymal stem cells in tissue engineering and stem cell therapy. Effective regulation of senescence is the key to maintain the functional stability of mesenchymal stem cells and improve their clinical application. This study aims to explore the molecular mechanism changes in human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) during replicative senescence, focusing on the potential role of pregnancy-specific glycoprotein (PSGs) family member PSG4 in modulating cellular senescence. RNA sequencing was performed on hDPSCs at different passages and with PSG4 overexpression to reveal changes in gene expression during the process. Gain- and loss-of-function studies suggested that PSG4 regulated cellular senescence. PSG4 expression levels were significantly elevated during cellular senescence and closely correlated with cell cycle regulation. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying of hDPSCs' replicative senescence. PSG4 acts as a pivotal regulator of replicative senescence in hDPSCs by impacting cell cycle process.

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Research summary

PSG4 regulates cellular senescence in human dental pulp stem cells by impacting the cell cycle process. This study addresses the molecular mechanisms of cellular senescence, which is a key factor in aging and the functional stability of stem cells, thus contributing to the understanding of longevity and potential interventions in age-related decline.

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