Mouse models used to test the role of reactive oxygen species in aging and age-related chronic diseases.

Hoang Van M Nguyen, Qitao Ran, Adam B Salmon, Ahn Bumsoo, Ying Ann Chiao, Shylesh Bhaskaran, Arlan Richardson

Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences, Oklahoma City, OK, USA. · pubmed

Paper

Abstract

With the development of the technology to generate transgenic and knockout mice in the 1990s, investigators had a powerful tool to directly test the impact of altering a specific gene on a biological process or disease. Over the past three decades, investigators have used transgenic and knockout mouse models, which have altered expression of antioxidant genes, to test the role of oxidative stress/damage in aging and age-related diseases. In this comprehensive review, we describe the studies using transgenic and knockout mouse models to test the role of oxidative stress/damage in aging (longevity) and three age-related diseases, e.g., sarcopenia, cardiac aging, and Alzheimer's Disease. While longevity was consistently altered only by one transgenic and one knockout mouse model as predicted by the Oxidative Stress Theory of Aging, the incidence/progression of the three age-related diseases (especially Alzheimer's disease) were robustly impacted when the expression of various antioxidant genes was altered using transgenic and knockout mouse models.

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Research summary

The paper discusses the role of reactive oxygen species in aging and age-related diseases using transgenic and knockout mouse models, which is relevant to understanding the biological mechanisms of aging. However, the findings indicate that only limited models consistently affect longevity, suggesting that the contributions to the field are more incremental rather than groundbreaking. The focus on specific diseases rather than broader mechanisms of aging limits its overall impact.

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