Deciphering the Timing and Impact of Life-extending Interventions: Temporal Efficacy Profiler Distinguishes Early, Midlife, and Senescence Phase Efficacies
Abstract
Evidence that life-extending interventions are not uniformly effective across the lifespan calls for an analytic tool that can estimate age-specific treatment effects on mortality hazards. Here we report such a tool, applying it to mouse data from 42 compounds tested in the NIA Interventions Testing Program. This tool identified agents that either reduced (22) or increased (15) mortality hazards or did both (2) in at least one sex, most with marked variation in the duration of efficacy and magnitude of effect size. Only 8 reduced mortality hazards after 90% mortality, when the burden of senescence is the greatest. Sex differences were common. This new analytic tool complements the commonly used log-rank test. It detects more potential life-extending candidates (22 versus 10) and indicates when during the life course they are effective. It also uncovers adverse effects.
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Research summary
The paper presents a novel analytic tool that assesses the efficacy of life-extending interventions across different life stages, which is directly relevant to longevity research. By identifying age-specific treatment effects and uncovering both beneficial and adverse effects of various compounds, it contributes important insights into the timing and effectiveness of interventions aimed at extending lifespan. However, while the findings are significant, they build upon existing methodologies and do not represent a groundbreaking shift in the field, thus warranting a moderate impact score.
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